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| -rw-r--r-- | doc/misc/ChangeLog | 5 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/misc/calc.texi | 105 |
2 files changed, 96 insertions, 14 deletions
diff --git a/doc/misc/ChangeLog b/doc/misc/ChangeLog index 07d74fc32e..a007f4da3a 100644 --- a/doc/misc/ChangeLog +++ b/doc/misc/ChangeLog @@ -1,3 +1,8 @@ +2007-12-29 Jay Belanger <[email protected]> + + * calc.tex (Yacas Language, Maxima Language, Giac Language): + New sections. + 2007-12-29 Reiner Steib <[email protected]> * gnus.texi (Group Parameters): Reorder the text and add a note about diff --git a/doc/misc/calc.texi b/doc/misc/calc.texi index b8a42f3c74..26dc6442ca 100644 --- a/doc/misc/calc.texi +++ b/doc/misc/calc.texi @@ -13965,13 +13965,13 @@ entered this way or using square brackets. Since FORTRAN uses round parentheses for both function calls and array subscripts, Calc displays both in the same way; @samp{a(i)} is interpreted as a function call upon reading, and subscripts must be entered as @samp{subscr(a, i)}. -Also, if the variable @code{a} has been declared to have type -@code{vector} or @code{matrix} then @samp{a(i)} will be parsed as a -subscript. (@xref{Declarations}.) Usually it doesn't matter, though; -if you enter the subscript expression @samp{a(i)} and Calc interprets -it as a function call, you'll never know the difference unless you -switch to another language mode or replace @code{a} with an actual -vector (or unless @code{a} happens to be the name of a built-in +If the variable @code{a} has been declared to have type +@code{vector} or @code{matrix}, however, then @samp{a(i)} will be +parsed as a subscript. (@xref{Declarations}.) Usually it doesn't +matter, though; if you enter the subscript expression @samp{a(i)} and +Calc interprets it as a function call, you'll never know the difference +unless you switch to another language mode or replace @code{a} with an +actual vector (or unless @code{a} happens to be the name of a built-in function!). Underscores are allowed in variable and function names in all of these @@ -14404,7 +14404,7 @@ $$ \pmatrix{ {a \over b} & 0 \cr 0 & 2^{(x + 1)} } $$ @sp 2 @end iftex -@node Eqn Language Mode, Mathematica Language Mode, TeX and LaTeX Language Modes, Language Modes +@node Eqn Language Mode, Yacas Language Mode, TeX and LaTeX Language Modes, Language Modes @subsection Eqn Language Mode @noindent @@ -14480,7 +14480,87 @@ The words @code{lcol} and @code{rcol} are recognized as synonyms for @code{ccol} during input, and are generated instead of @code{ccol} if the matrix justification mode so specifies. -@node Mathematica Language Mode, Maple Language Mode, Eqn Language Mode, Language Modes +@node Yacas Language Mode, Maxima Language Mode, Eqn Language Mode, Language Modes +@subsection Yacas Language Mode + +@noindent +@kindex d Y +@pindex calc-yacas-language +@cindex Yacas language +The @kbd{d Y} (@code{calc-yacas-language}) command selects the +conventions of Yacas, a free computer algebra system. While the +operators and functions in Yacas are similar to those of Calc, the names +of built-in functions in Yacas are capitalized. The Calc formula +@samp{sin(2 x)}, for example, is entered and displayed @samp{Sin(2 x)} +in Yacas mode, and `@samp{arcsin(x^2)} is @samp{ArcSin(x^2)} in Yacas +mode. Complex numbers are written are written @samp{3 + 4 I}. +The standard special constants are written @code{Pi}, @code{E}, +@code{I}, @code{GoldenRatio} and @code{Gamma}. @code{Infinity} +represents both @code{inf} and @code{uinf}, and @code{Undefined} +represents @code{nan}. + +Certain operators on functions, such as @code{D} for differentiation +and @code{Integrate} for integration, take a prefix form in Yacas. For +example, the derivative of @w{@samp{e^x sin(x)}} can be computed with +@w{@samp{D(x) Exp(x)*Sin(x)}}. + +Other notable differences between Yacas and standard Calc expressions +are that vectors and matrices use curly braces in Yacas, and subscripts +use square brackets. If, for example, @samp{A} represents the list +@samp{@{a,2,c,4@}}, then @samp{A[3]} would equal @samp{c}. + + +@node Maxima Language Mode, Giac Language Mode, Yacas Language Mode, Language Modes +@subsection Maxima Language Mode + +@noindent +@kindex d X +@pindex calc-maxima-language +@cindex Maxima language +The @kbd{d X} (@code{calc-maxima-language}) command selects the +conventions of Maxima, another free computer algebra system. The +function names in Maxima are similar, but not always identical, to Calc. +For example, instead of @samp{arcsin(x)}, Maxima will use +@samp{asin(x)}. Complex numbers are written @samp{3 + 4 %i}. The +standard special constants are written @code{%pi}, @code{%e}, +@code{%i}, @code{%phi} and @code{%gamma}. In Maxima, @code{inf} means +the same as in Calc, but @code{infinity} represents Calc's @code{uinf}. + +Underscores as well as percent signs are allowed in function and +variable names in Maxima mode. The underscore again is equivalent to +the @samp{#} in Normal mode, and the percent sign is equivalent to +@samp{o'o}. + +Maxima uses square brackets for lists and vectors, and matrices are +written as calls to the function @code{matrix}, given the row vectors of +the matrix as arguments. Square brackets are also used as subscripts. + +@node Giac Language Mode, Mathematica Language Mode, Maxima Language Mode, Language Modes +@subsection Giac Language Mode + +@noindent +@kindex d A +@pindex calc-giac-language +@cindex Giac language +The @kbd{d A} (@code{calc-giac-language}) command selects the +conventions of Giac, another free computer algebra system. The function +names in Giac are similar to Maxima. Complex numbers are written +@samp{3 + 4 i}. The standard special constants in Giac are the same as +in Calc, except that @code{infinity} represents both Calc's @code{inf} +and @code{uinf}. + +Underscores are allowed in function and variable names in Giac mode. +Brackets are used for subscripts. In Giac, indexing of lists begins at +0, instead of 1 as in Calc. So if @samp{A} represents the list +@samp{[a,2,c,4]}, then @samp{A[2]} would equal @samp{c}. In general, +@samp{A[n]} in Giac mode corresponds to @samp{A_(n+1)} in Normal mode. + +The Giac interval notation @samp{2 .. 3} has no surrounding brackets; +Calc reads @samp{2 .. 3} as the closed interval @samp{[2 .. 3]} and +writes any kind of interval as @samp{2 .. 3}. This means you cannot see +the difference between an open and a closed interval while in Giac mode. + +@node Mathematica Language Mode, Maple Language Mode, Giac Language Mode, Language Modes @subsection Mathematica Language Mode @noindent @@ -14525,11 +14605,8 @@ pass through Calc. As a special case, matrices are written as calls to the function @code{matrix}, given a list of lists as the argument, and can be read in this form or with all-capitals @code{MATRIX}. -The Maple interval notation @samp{2 .. 3} has no surrounding brackets; -Calc reads @samp{2 .. 3} as the closed interval @samp{[2 .. 3]}, and -writes any kind of interval as @samp{2 .. 3}. This means you cannot -see the difference between an open and a closed interval while in -Maple display mode. +The Maple interval notation @samp{2 .. 3} is like Giac's interval +notation, and is handled the same by Calc. Maple writes complex numbers as @samp{3 + 4*I}. Its special constants are @code{Pi}, @code{E}, @code{I}, and @code{infinity} (all three of |